In the context of the active introduction of technologies in the agricultural sector, there is an increasing need for the formation of objective and comparable tools for assessing the level of digitalization. Existing approaches to monitoring digital development, as a rule, are based on the use of disparate indicators or use different methods and data sources, which does not allow to identify structural imbalances between individual areas of digitalization of the industry. The article offers an author's approach to the development of an integrated agricultural digitalization index aimed at assessing the level of digital maturity of the agricultural sector. The index is based on a multicomponent structure that includes resource-efficient, infrastructural, managerial and institutional subindexes, which allows taking into account both technological and organizational and regulatory aspects of the digitalization of agriculture in Russia. The obtained results of the approbation of the proposed methodology confirm the expediency of using the index approach to assess the digitalization of the industry, as well as its use as an analytical tool in adjusting the state agrarian policy.